Monthly Archives: July 2014

Reading List: Ginni Rometty and Alejandro Valenzuela, CEO of Banorte

Sometimes something happens inside IBM that I really enjoy, treasure and want to refer back to.  I blog about these things so that I don’t lose track of them and to make them available to others, even it is only my IBM colleagues.

Here is the link where Ginni Rometty speaks with Alejandro Valenzuela, CEO of Grupo Financiero Banorte, and asks for a CEO’s perspective on Big Data & Analytics.  Unfortunately, this link is inside the IBM firewall.  If I find an external link I will make it available to my clients and friends outside IBM.

I do not quote either Ginni or Alejandro here.  This blog contains my own thoughts after watching the video.

My favorite part of this discussion goes beyond big data and analytics to transformation and corporate culture.  It goes beyond Banorte because Alejandro describes an issue that I have seen trip up banks as far away as Malaysia.  Very simply, when an organization is in the midst of current success, it is very difficult to convince them that they need to radically change.

It is as if you are leading a battle and, while not defeating the opponent, maintaining an upper hand.  Morale is high and everyone is confident on the battlefield.  But you are looking over the horizon from higher ground behind the battlefield.  You can see what others cannot see.  And you see dozens of small armies with diverse capabilities and intentions coming toward the battle field from many directions.  Your team needs to prepare.  Preparing them is not the chief difficulty–convincing them that they need to prepare to fight a different battle is the challenge.

I am thinking about the trends that I have identified in my “Trends” series and that most of the tools in service design are communication tools.

Banks sell commodities and their primary differentiator is their knowledge of the clients and consumers.  Banorte is looking to supplement that knowledge with analytics to the extent that they can without raising any privacy concerns.  Banorte wants to pull clients as opposed to pushing products and this requires a better understanding of clients.

Also discussed was the importance of maintaining trust in the client/bank experience and the implications of this on data privacy and security.

Banorte was created in 1899 as a regional bank in Northern Mexico and is now a national bank and the 3rd largest bank in Mexico.  About 27,000 employees.  Worth about 18 billion dollars.  The Group does a little bit of everything — retail banking, insurance, pension funds, leasing, factoring, etc.  12 million clients at the bank and another 12 million at the pension fund company.  About $1 billion of profit per year.  15% return on capital.

Alejandro discussed the importance of moving from uncertainty to risk and dealing with risk, and how this requires data and analytics.  He also noted that systems of engagement that are infused with data and analytics provide the ability to go back to one-on-one interactions that are lost to some degree when organizations begin operating at scale.  Also, getting the right insights so as to take the right decisions is fundamental to all organizations.  Analytics can also be used to protect clients from fraud, for example.

Press release about Banorte / IBM partnership.

Reading List: HBR – The New Patterns of Innovation

I just read a reprint of the Harvard Business Review article “The New Patterns of Innovation” Jan-Feb 2014 (Sorry, I don’t have a link).

They make note of the difficulties existing businesses face in generating new business models with the traditional methods:

  • Competency based – entering new markets with core competencies or assets
  • Customer focused – studying customers to determine unstated unmet needs
  • Environment focused – what opportunities might develop from trends.

Due to three factors…

  • Explosion in digital data
  • Better tools for data
  • Business in the cloud.

…they see five new patterns of innovation:

  1. Augmenting products to generate data
  2. Digitizing assets
  3. Combining data within and across industries
  4. Trading data
  5. Codifying a distinctive service capability.

And, of course, combining the patterns.

They identify 4 success factors:

  • Strong technology presence
  • Inputs from external parties
  • Motivated leadership
  • Emotional commitment.

What is VisaNet?

This entry is part 28 of 31 in the series Defining words

In the interview with Jim McCarthy (Global Head of Strategic Partnership and Innovation at Visa) and Ginni Rometty (IBM Chairman, President and CEO) they discuss Visa in particular and payment processing companies in general.

The Visa brand is shown on about 2 billion cards.  Visa’s clients include about 14 thousand banks, who issue cards.  Visa’s traditional business model is to provide the network (VisaNet) to connect these client banks to about 36 million merchants who take payments using cards via a point of sale (POS) terminal.  Visa did about 92 billion transactions over VisaNet in 2013, which is about 20% of consumer transactions by value.  Visa transmits the payment information to the bank in real-time and returns an authorization (payment guarantee) back to the merchant.  Visa also provides a risk score and risk condition code with each transaction in real-time.  The performance, scalability, security and reliability of VisaNet is key to the value proposition.  Visa has had zero down time during busy holiday seasons over the past 20 years.

Visa infrastructure is centered around IBM mainframes as it has been for some 50 years.  They connect to banks with “Base I/II” which stands for Bank of America System Engineering (I’ve also heard the “E” once referred to “Experiment”).

Visa is watching changes in the industry which seek to enhance the user experience of making payments for consumers and companies by moving the payment from a card to a mobile device (there are about 7 billion mobile phones in existence).  As payments shift from cards to phones the Visa business model changes.  Visa needs to extend their network to include 3rd parties who are shaping these consumer/merchant interactions of the future.  Square is one such partner in the Visa ecosystem.

An example of fully digital payments is making a payment on iTunes.  These payments also involve a card and Apple has about 800 million cards on file.  Another example of digital payments using a credit card is Uber whose mobile apps connect passengers with drivers of vehicles for hire and ride-sharing services.

What are Cloud Standards?

This entry is part 27 of 31 in the series Defining words

Cloud Standards are open standards that allow interoperability for cloud computing.  Standards give cloud computing consumers the ability to compose services across clouds and more choice about which cloud they deploy their applications to and not to be locked in.

The latter ideas about choice and freedom make standards of strategic concern.  This improves the position of cloud consumers vis-à-vis cloud suppliers.

The Openstack alliance provides open standards for Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS).  IaaS standards would be most important to the IT operations organizations and primarily includes Compute-as-a-Service, Storage-as-a-Service and Network-as-a-Service.

Cloud Foundry provides open standards for Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS).  PaaS standards would be most important to software developers and includes Lifecycle Management Services, Middleware application deployment and management, and Cloud Integration Services.

OASIS provides open standards for interoperability of applications in Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) and Business-Process-as-a-Service (BPaaS).  Application interoperability standards are most important to user groups (and the IT groups that support them).  See Topology and Orchestration Specification for Cloud Applications (TOSCA).

A good read about Openstack and OASIS is Eric Knorr’s  What IBM’s embrace of OpenStack really means in InfoWorld (March 2013).

IBM organizes its view on cloud computing and related open standards and provides guidance on how to build cloud solutions in its Cloud Computing Reference Architecture (CCRA).  For Cloud Service Providers, in addition to basic Cloud Services, the CCRA adds a Common Cloud Management Platform (CCMP) which includes Operational Support Services (OSS) and Business Support Services (BSS).

Standards will also cover Cloud Consumer Services such as Cloud Service Integration tools, as well as Service Creation Tools for Cloud Service Creators.